Time-lapse observation is a popular method for analyzing mammalian preimplantation embryos, but it often requires expensive equipment and skilled techniques. We previously developed a simply and ...

A total of 110 children (58 boys and 52 girls; minimum age: 6 months, maximum age: 14 years, mean age: 4.56 ± 3.3 years) who sought medical treatment at the outpatient department of the First ...