In the world of chemistry, understanding the number of valence electrons in an atom is essential for predicting its behavior and reactivity. Valence electrons are the outermost electrons in an atom ...

Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of calculating joint space goal configuration for the mobile manipulator (MM) with redundant degrees of freedom(DOF) when performing grasping tasks. In real ...

Research suggests some metals’ semicore electrons may be more active on Earth’s surface than previously thought.

You probably learned in high school chemistry class that core electrons don't participate in chemical bonding.

Virtual particles may not be real, but they help physicists track how forces move, and allow for incredibly precise ...

Humans have been making metal alloys for thousands of years, and most of us can conjure a rough mental image of the ...

A team of researchers from the University of Minnesota Twin Cities College of Science and Engineering and the University of Houston’s Cullen College of Engineering has discovered and measured the ...

Constantinos G. Vayenas examines positron and electron catalysis of neutrino hadronization, as they continue to explore how ...

Scientists at Rice University have demonstrated a way to “write” light sources and nanoscale wiring directly onto crystals ...

Are you on track to save enough for retirement? Use our calculator to check your progress, see how much retirement income you'll have and estimate how much more you should save. Many, or all, of the ...

Discover how Bruker and the University of Manchester joined forces to discover more on the dynamics of complex protein.